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Deriving and interpreting dietary patterns in the Scottish diet: Further analysis of the Scottish health survey and expenditure and food survey

Project Code: S14034

22/04/2009

Glasgow Caledonian University
Armstrong, J ;
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, St Andrew Street, Aberdeen, AB25 1HG
Wrieden, W

Introduction

This project aimed to advance the work already undertaken by FSAS on monitoring the diet in Scotland. Dietary monitoring until now has focused on intakes of individual nutrients and foods or food groups. This project used existing data sets to examine the overall diet by deriving dietary patterns using principal component analysis (PCA) and also to measure how well the diet met current dietary guidelines using a Dietary Quality Index (DQI).

Scottish Health Survey (SHS 2003) and Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS 2001-2004) data on individuals and households were used to describe dietary patterns and dietary quality in sub-groups of the Scottish population. Dietary patterns were derived by utilising PCA; a data-driven technique for identifying foods or food groups commonly consumed together as a single exposure or ‘type of diet’. Diet quality was assessed by developing and using a DQI. Associations with socio-economic status, lifestyle factors and health outcomes were then tested.

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